In this essay, I argue that we should make a dynamic and balanced consideration of different ideological and practical considerations of formative assessment. Inspired by Schwab (1982), I argue that educators ought to practically integrate various formative assessment paradigms and theories so that “the full prices of their incompleteness and partiality” (p. 297) are not paid during implementation. The paradoxical practice of formative assessment is that it ought to produce autonomous rationale learners and it must happen within cultural boundaries that seemingly resist this aim.…
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